Final Exam

 

1.  What percentage of mammalian species are bats?

            a.  5%

            b.  10%

            c.  25%

            d.  33%

            e.  50%

 

2.  True (a) or False (b).  All species of bats echolocate.

 

3.  Which of the following are true about vampire bats?

            a.  There are three known species

            b.  All vampires are distributed in the New World

            c.  Vampire bats are specialized, some drink bird blood and some drink mammal blood

            d.  Vampires are large; over two pounds each

            e.  Answers a, b and c are correct

 

4.  True (a) or False (b).  Bats often have large litter sizes, over five to ten young.

 

5.  About how large are newborn bats relative to their mother's size?

            a.  Up to 5% of mom's weight

            b.  Up to 10% of mom's weight

            c.  Up to 15% of mom's weight

            d.  Up to 20% of mom's weight

            e.  Up to 33% of mom's weight

 

6.  True (a) or False (b).  The observation that radiation causes monsters is backed by scientific observations.

 

7.  Which is most dangerous from a risk standpoint?

            a.  Driving a car in Lubbock

            b.  Living in the radioactive zone at Chornobyl

 

8.  True (a) or False (b).  There are many birth defects in humans resulting from radiation exposure with a Chornobyl origin.

 

 

 

 

9.  What is hormesis?

            a.  Dying from a large dose of radiation

            b.  Mutations resulting from radiation

            c.  Life expectancy increasing from exposure to radiation

            d.  How many bad genes exist in the genome

            e.  A and B are correct

 

10. True (a) or False (b).  There is an elevated rate of thyroid cancer in children exposed to Chornobyl radiation.

 

11. How does the phylum Chordata rank in number of species.  Most species rank 1st...

            a.  1st

            b.  2nd

            c.  3rd

            d.  4th

            e.  5th

 

12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Chordates?

            a.  Notochord

            b.  Postanal tail

            c.  Pulmonary circulatory system

            d.  Dorsal hollow nerve

            e.  Pharyngeal slits

 

For questions 13 - 19 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Fishes

b.  Mammals

c.  Reptiles

d.  Amphibians

e.  Birds

 

13. Which has hair?

14. Which has coetaneous respiration?

15. Which is the first to have an amniotic egg?

16. Which has feathers?

17. Which has the most species described?

18. Which has placenta as a primary characteristic?

19. First group to move their complete life cycle on dry land

 

 

 

 

 

For questions 20 - 22 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  4.4 million years ago

b.  2.8 million years ago

c.  2 million years ago

d.  130,000 years ago

e.  50,000 years ago

 

20. According to your lecture notes when did hominids first appear in the fossil record?

21. According to your lecture notes when did humans (genus Homo) first appear?

22. According to your lecture notes when did Homo sapiens first appear on earth?

 

For questions 23 - 27 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Monoculture

b.  Biological magnification

c.  Biological surplus

d.  Biological control

e.  Biological diversity

 

23. A field of cotton best matches which answer?

24. The number of young born more than can survive

25. The screw worm program by the U.S. government is an example of this term

26. How DDT accumulates in trophic levels

27. This is an example of a fragile ecosystem

 

28. Where is the greatest biodiversity?

            a.  North Pole

            b.  Mountain tops

            c.  U.S. coast line

            d.  Tropics

            e.  Desert

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For questions 29 - 32 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Earth's population reached 1 billion

b.  Earth's population reached 2 billion

c.  Earth's population reached 3 billion

d.  Earth's population reached 4 billion

e.  Correct answer not given

 

29. Which of these occurred in 1975?

30. Which of these occurred in 1987?

31. Which of these occurred in 1650?

32. Which of these occurred in 1850?

 

33. The Earth's population is expected to level off at

            a.  6 billion

            b.  7 - 10 billion

            c.  7 - 15 billion

            d.  8 - 20 billion

            e.  100 billion

 

34. At an annual increase of 1.8% how long will it take for the world's population to double?

            a.  10 years

            b.  20 years

            c.  39 years

            d.  49 years

            e.  60 years

 

35. What is the world's population today?

            a.  About 6 billion

            b.  About 7 billion

            c.  About 5 billion

            d.  About 4 billion

            e.  Over 10 billion

 

36. How many more people are added to the earth's population every 24 hours?

            a.  100,000

            b.  175,000

            c.  250,000

            d.  300,000

            e.  More than 300,000

 

 

 

For questions 37 - 42 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  1

b.  14

c.  52

d.  50

e.  70

 

37. What percentage of the world's population is suffering from malnutrition?

38. What percentage of the world's population has a college education?

39. What percentage of the world's population owns a computer?

40. What percentage of the world's population is female?

41. What percentage of the world's population is unable to read?

42. What percentage of the world's population lives in North or South America?

 

43. Which animal has the highest level of innate behavior?

            a.  Tapeworms     

            b.  Starfish

            c.  Snails

            d.  Butterflies

            e.  Sponges

 

For questions 44 - 46 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Annelida

b.  Chordata

c.  Mollusca

d.  Cnidaria

e.  Nematoda

 

44. Of the phyla listed which is the closest relative to Echinodermata?

45. Which of these phyla has the Sea Anemones classified in it?

46. Of the phyla listed which best exemplifies radial symmetry?

 

47. Which of the following is never capitalized when written?

            a.  Domain

            b.  Family

            c.  Phylum

            d.  Species

            e.  Genus

 

 

 

 

48. The scientific name of humans is Homo sapiens.  What does this name mean?

            a.  God's servant

            b.  Long lived

            c.  Wise man

            d.  End of evolutionary trait

            e.  Correct answer not given

 

49. Which of the following names always ends in idae?

            a.  Phylum

            b.  Species

            c.  Domain           

            d.  Family

            e.  Genus

 

50. For each species described, there is a voucher specimen in a museum that represents that species.  What is that specimen called?

            a.  Paratype

            b.  Electotype

            c.  Hypodigium

            d.  Holotype

            e.  Neotype

 

For questions 51 - 52 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Homeobox

b.  Pappilloma virus

c.  Ontogeny recapitulates Phylogeny

d.  Pacinian Corpuscle

e.  Correct answer not given

 

51. A developmental switch turning on a battery of genes.  Highly conserved among animals

52. Sensory nerve endings in the skin and tissues

 

For questions 53 - 54 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Convergent evolution

b.  Smilodon

c.  Premating isolation mechanism

d.  Genetic drift

e.  Correct answer not given

 

53. Genetic variation produced by statistical accidents

54. The best means to protect the integrity of a species

 

For questions 55 - 56 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Male pattern baldness

b.  Color blindness

c.  Hemophilia

d.  A and C are correct

e.  A and B are correct

 

55. Example(s) of sex linked genes

56. Example(s) of sex associated genes

 

For questions 57 - 59 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  G1

b.  S

c.  G0

d.  Mitosis

e.  G2

 

57. When actual cell division takes place

58. When a cell has stopped the cell cycle

59. When the DNA replicates

 

For questions 60 - 61 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Down's syndrome

b.  Turner's syndrome

c.  Kleinfelter's syndrome

d.  Mary Lyon's hypothesis

e.  XYY syndrome

 

60. Most common of the syndromes listed

61. This syndrome is most common of babies born of women over the age of 40

 

62. True (a) or False (b).  The genetic code is very conserved across all plants and animals.

 

 

 

 

 

 

63. Which of these could not be a codon?

            a.  AAA

            b.  UAU

            c.  GGG

            d.  ATG

            e.  CCC

 

For questions 64 - 67 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Locus

b.  Back cross

c.  Gene

d.  Allele

e.  Test cross

 

64. Variant at a locus

65. DNA sequence that codes for a protein

66. Place where a gene is found on a chromosome

67. Where an animal with a dominant phenotype is crossed to an individual with a recessive phenotype

 

For questions 68 - 71 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  1

b.  2

c.  3

d.  4

e.  More than 4

 

68. How many alleles can be present at a locus in an adult human?

69. How many different alleles are present at the ABO blood locus in a person with AB blood types?

70. How many bases are shared between DNA and RNA?

71. How many letters are there in the alphabet of the genetic code?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For questions 72 - 76 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Golgi body

b.  Flagella

c.  Plasma membrane

d.  Ribosome

e.  Mitochondria

 

72. Site of protein synthesis

73. This organelle is where ATP is made from ADP

74. This organelle has its own DNA

75. The genes for this organelle are never expressed in human females

76. Site where, in different cells different types of protein are collected and assimilated

 

For questions 77 - 79 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Carbohydrates

b.  Lipids

c.  Proteins

d.  RNA

e.  Enzymes

 

77. Molecule which is most effective at energy storage per unit of weight

78. According to your lecture, which is the molecule of biological specificity?

79. Biological catalyst

 

For questions 80 - 81 use the following answers.  An answer may be used once, more than once or not at all.

 

a.  Applied science

b.  Basic science

c.  Theory

d.  Fact

e.  Predictions

 

80. Scientific studies which are performed for the sole purpose of learning new things

81. Scientific studies which are performed to solve a particular problem important to humans

 

82. If there is life on other planets, which of the following is predicted by most scientists?

            a.  Life will be a carbon-based system

            b.  Life will be made up of cells

            c.  Life will have DNA

            d.  Life will be intelligent

 

83. Science used

            a.  Deductive reasoning

            b.  Inductive reasoning

 

84. After a scientist finishes an experiment how much time will pass (on average) before the results are published in a scientific journal?

            a.  1 year

            b.  1 month

            c.  1 day

            d.  1 week

            e.  6 months

 

85. True (a) or False (b).  All human activities are at the expense of other forms of life.

 

86. When you read in a newspaper about a new scientific discovery, it is usually on

            a.  The day the experiment is published

            b.  The day a scientist calls a news conference

            c.  The day it is published

            d.  No particular day

 

87. What is the ecological interaction where both species benefit?

            a.  Competition

            b.  Herbivory

            c.  Parasitism

            d.  Predation

            e.  Mutualism

 

88. What is the most important problem facing human kind (according to your professor)?

            a.  Global warming

            b.  Pollution

            c.  Nuclear war

            d.  AIDS

            e.  Overpopulation of humans

 

89. In the pH scale, a pH of 7 is

            a.  Basic

            b.  Neutral

            c.  Acidic

 

 

 

 

 

90. According to your book which of the following is a reason that Creationism is not science?

            a.  Its assumptions lead to no testable, falsifiable hypothesis

            b.  It is not supported by any empirical observations

            c.  It does not infer its principles from observation, as does all science

            d.  All of the above

 

91. The observations that although people have been circumcised for thousands of generations they still grow a foreskin on their penis is a basis for rejection of this theory

            a.  Acquired characteristics

            b.  Directional selection

            c.  Punctuated equilibrium

            d.  Gradualism

            e.  Stabilizing selection

 

92. Which of the following is not a key area to reduce the harmful impact of human activities

            a.  Reducing pollution

            b.  Finding other sources of energy

            c.  Preserving nonreplaceable resources

            d.  Curbing population growth

            e.  Teaching children foreign languages

 

93. Which of the following statements does not describe acid rain?

            a.  It is sulfuric acid formed from the sulfur-rich smoke emitted by factories and water vapor in the atmosphere

            b.  It has caused dramatic drops in biodiversity throughout the forests and lakes of Europe, Canada and the northeastern United States

            c.  Wind and air currents dilute acid rain because factories are designed to release it high into the air

            d.  It causes the pH levels of lakes to fall below 5.0, an acidity in which amphibians cannot develop properly

 

94. ____________ is caused by an accumulation of large amounts of CO2 and other gasses in the atmosphere

            a.  Acid rain

            b.  The ozone hole

            c.  Skin cancer

            d.  The greenhouse effect

 

95. True (a) or False (b).  Some atmospheric CO2 is needed to keep our planet warm.

 

 

 

 

96. Which of the following is not a problem that has prevented nuclear power from becoming more popular?

            a.  Securing nuclear power plants against terrorism

            b.  Decreasing the production of acid rain by nuclear power plants

            c.  Disposal of nuclear wastes

            d.  Safely operating nuclear power plants

 

97. True (a) or False (b).  The loss of biodiversity is mainly a problem limited to the tropics.

 

98. ____________ catalyze the conversion of ozone into oxygen without being used

            a.  Carbon dioxide

            b.  Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

            c.  Proteins

            d.  Nucleic acids

            e.  None of the above

 

99. The nonreplaceable resources that are being consumed at an alarming rate in the United States do not include which of the following

            a.  Methane

            b.  Topsoil

            c.  Groundwater   

            d.  Biodiversity

            e.  All of the above are resources

 

100. What percent of the world's species are expected to become extinct in the next 30 years?

            a.  10%

            b.  20%

            c.  30%

            d.  40%

            e.  50%